Enfermedad boca-mano-pie atípica infantil con rasgos de eczema herpetico y de acrodermatitis / Infantile atypical hand-foot-mouth disease with features of eczema herpeticum and acrodermatitis

La enfermedad boca-mano-pie puede presentarse con formas atípicas, con lesiones más generalizadas y morfología diferente a la forma clásica. A veces, incluso simula otras enfermedades víricas. En las formas atípicas, existe la tendencia a afectar a las zonas de traumatismo o inflamación. Se presenta el caso de un niño de 2 años con antecedente de atopia, que consultó por presentar lesiones papulosas y vesiculosas umbilicadas que afectaban a la zona perioral, los miembros superiores e inferiores, con predominio en las zonas de presión y de dermatitis atópica previa. Aunque clínicamente se diagnosticó eczema herpético, las pruebas complementarias fueron negativas para herpes virus. Sin embargo, la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa del contenido de una vesícula, del exudado faríngeo y de heces fue positiva para enterovirus.

Hand-foot-mouth disease can present atypically, including forms with more numerous lesions and/or morphologically different from the classic presentation. It may even mimic other viral diseases. We present the case of a 2-year-old child previously diagnosed with atopic dermatitis, who presented with papules and umbilicated vesicles affecting the perioral area and limbs, predominantly in pressure areas, as well as in areas with previous atopic lesions. Although he was clinically diagnosed with herpetic eczema, tests results were negative for herpes virus. However, positive entorovirus polymerase chain reaction results were obtained from the content of a vesicle, a pharyngeal exudate and a stool sample.

[Infantile atypical hand-foot-mouth disease with features of eczema herpeticum and acrodermatitis]. / Enfermedad boca-mano-pie atípica infantil con rasgos de eczema herpetico y de acrodermatitis.

Hand-foot-mouth disease can present atypically, including forms with more numerous lesions and/or morphologically different from the classic presentation. It may even mimic other viral diseases. We present the case of a 2-year-old child previously diagnosed with atopic dermatitis, who presented with papules and umbilicated vesicles affecting the perioral area and limbs, predominantly in pressure areas, as well as in areas with previous atopic lesions. Although he was clinically diagnosed with herpetic eczema, tests results were negative for herpes virus. However, positive entorovirus polymerase chain reaction results were obtained from the content of a vesicle, a pharyngeal exudate and a stool sample.

La enfermedad boca-mano-pie puede presentarse con formas atípicas, con lesiones más generalizadas y morfología diferente a la forma clásica. A veces, incluso simula otras enfermedades víricas. En las formas atípicas, existe la tendencia a afectar a las zonas de traumatismo o inflamación. Se presenta el caso de un niño de 2 años con antecedente de atopia, que consultó por presentar lesiones papulosas y vesiculosas umbilicadas que afectaban a la zona perioral, los miembros superiores e inferiores, con predominio en las zonas de presión y de dermatitis atópica previa. Aunque clínicamente se diagnosticó eczema herpético, las pruebas complementarias fueron negativas para herpes virus. Sin embargo, la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa del contenido de una vesícula, del exudado faríngeo y de heces fue positiva para enterovirus.

Free flaps in Surgical Dermatology: comparison between fasciocutaneous and myocutaneous free flaps in facial reconstructions / Retalhos livres em dermatologia cirúrgica: comparação entre os retalhos livres fasciocutâneos e miocutâneos nas reconstruções faciais

BACKGROUND: Dermatologic surgeons routinely harvest pedicled flaps at distance with an axial or random pattern to repair facial defects. These types of skin flaps are time-consuming and have high economic, social and personal costs. These drawbacks could be avoided with the introduction of a single-step transfer of free flaps to the recipient site, with microvascular anastomosis. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate that better results are obtained with myocutaneous or fasciocutaneous free flaps and which one is more suitable in surgical dermatology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We selected two patients of opposite sexes and similar ages who had undergone Mohs surgery to remove recurrent malignant tumors that were located in the upper cheek bordering the zygomatic zone. The woman was treated with a fasciocutaneous radial free flap and the man with a rectus abdominis free flap. RESULTS: Both patients had excellent immediate postoperative outcomes. Complications observed in the male patient were related to a previous pulmonary alteration. The fasciocutaneous radial free flap reconstruction was easier to perform than the rectus abdominis free flap; nevertheless, the radial free flap is very thin and, although the palmaris longus tendon is used, it does not yield enough volume, requiring later use of implants. In contrast, the rectus abdominis free flap transfers a wide flap with enough fat tissue to expand in the future. As for the cosmetic results regarding the donor site, the rectus abdominis free flap produces better-looking scars, since secondary defects of the palmar surface cannot be directly closed and usually require grafting - a situation that some patients do not accept. CONCLUSIONS: In surgical dermatology, each case, once the tumor has been extirpated, requires its own reconstructive technique. The radial free flap is suitable for thin patients who are willing to cover their arm with a shirt. The rectus abdominis free flap is best suited for obese ...

FUNDAMENTOS: Os cirurgiões dermatológicos habitualmente realizam retalhos pediculados cutâneos à distância, de padrão axial ou ao acaso, para reparar os defeitos faciais. Estes tipos de retalhos cutâneos requerem muito tempo para realizar-se e têm elevadas despesas econômicas, sociais e pessoais. Com a introdução da transferência em uma única etapa de retalhos livres ao local receptor, com anastomose microvascular, estes inconvenientes poderiam ser evitados. OBJETIVO: Demonstrar que se obtêm melhores resultados com retalhos livres fasciocutâneos ou miocutâneos e qual deles é mais adequado em Dermatologia cirúrgica. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Selecionamos dois pacientes, de sexos diferentes e idades similares, que haviam sido tratados com cirurgia de Mohs, para eliminar os tumores malignos recidivantes que se localizavam na parte superior das bochechas contatando com a zona zigomática. A mulher foi tratada com um retalho livre fasciocutâneo radial e o homem com um retalho livre do músculo reto do abdômen. RESULTADOS: Ambos os pacientes tiveram excelentes períodos pós-operatórios imediatos. As complicações observadas no homem foram relacionadas a uma alteração pulmonar prévia. O retalho fasciocutâneo radial livre foi mais fácil de realizar do que o do reto do abdômen; não obstante, o retalho livre radial é muito fino e, embora lhe seja incluído tendão do palmar, não proporciona suficiente volume razão pela qual requer a introdução posterior de implantes. Em contrapartida, o retalho livre do reto do abdômen transfere um largo retalho que tem suficiente tecido grasso para poder engordar no futuro. Quanto aos resultados estéticos da zona doadora, o retalho do reto do abdômen produz melhores cicatrizes, já que os defeitos secundários da superfície palmar do antebraço não podem ser fechados diretamente e requerem habitualmente a aplicação de um enxerto; situação que alguns pacientes não aceitam. CONCLUSÕES: Como sempre em Dermatologia cirúrgica, cada ...

Free flaps in surgical dermatology. Comparison between fasciocutaneous and myocutaneous free flaps in facial reconstructions.

BACKGROUND: Dermatologic surgeons routinely harvest pedicled flaps at distance with an axial or random pattern to repair facial defects. These types of skin flaps are time-consuming and have high economic, social and personal costs. These drawbacks could be avoided with the introduction of a single-step transfer of free flaps to the recipient site, with microvascular anastomosis. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate that better results are obtained with myocutaneous or fasciocutaneous free flaps and which one is more suitable in surgical dermatology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We selected two patients of opposite sexes and similar ages who had undergone Mohs surgery to remove recurrent malignant tumors that were located in the upper cheek bordering the zygomatic zone. The woman was treated with a fasciocutaneous radial free flap and the man with a rectus abdominis free flap. RESULTS: Both patients had excellent immediate postoperative outcomes. Complications observed in the male patient were related to a previous pulmonary alteration. The fasciocutaneous radial free flap reconstruction was easier to perform than the rectus abdominis free flap; nevertheless, the radial free flap is very thin and, although the palmaris longus tendon is used, it does not yield enough volume, requiring later use of implants. In contrast, the rectus abdominis free flap transfers a wide flap with enough fat tissue to expand in the future. As for the cosmetic results regarding the donor site, the rectus abdominis free flap produces better-looking scars, since secondary defects of the palmar surface cannot be directly closed and usually require grafting - a situation that some patients do not accept. CONCLUSIONS: In surgical dermatology, each case, once the tumor has been extirpated, requires its own reconstructive technique. The radial free flap is suitable for thin patients who are willing to cover their arm with a shirt. The rectus abdominis free flap is best suited for obese patients with deep and voluminous defects, although it is necessary to dislocate the navel from its original position.